Horned seastar Protoreaster nodosus

Identity card

Horned seastar

Scientific name:
Protoreaster nodosus
Family:
Oreasteridae
Class:
Asteroidea
Phylum:
Echinodermata
Year of description:
Linnaeus, 1758
IUCN Status:
Not Evaluated
Distribution:

Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Habitat:

The horned seastar lives on seagrass beds, sandy areas or on reef flats.

Size:

This large seastar measures 30 to 40 cm.

Diet:

Sponges, micro-organisms, mollusc and sea urchin corpses, rock and sand microfauna and dead algae.

Horned seastar Protoreaster nodosus
 

Its cork-like consistency is hard, although the surface is quite soft to touch.

Breeding takes place in spring, at full moon. When it releases its gametes into the water, the seastar straightens up and only the end of its 5 arms remains in contact with the sea bed. The larvae are carried by the currents for about two weeks before settling on the seabed to begin their metamorphosis.

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Where is the animal to be found?

The horned seastar lives on seagrass beds, sandy areas or on reef flats. It is found from the Seychelles to Australia, as well as in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Japan, along the east coast of Africa (Tanzania, Kenya), and Madagascar.

How can it be recognised?

It can be recognized by its cork-like consistency, which is hard although the surface is quite soft to touch. This seastar is covered with conical, horn-like tubercles. This seastar measures 30 to 40 cm.

What is distinctive about it?

Asteridae have tremendous regenerative powers: an arm with a portion of a disc can regenerate an entire animal.

Seastars can pull their stomach out of their body to ingest and then partially digest their prey.

They are said to evert their stomachs. This unique feeding method allows them to compensate for not having a jaw.

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